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Comprehension Questions on Unseen Passages (Page No 319)
Exercise 10. Solved
1. Panna was a nurse entrusted with the duty of taking care of Udai Singh, who was the heir to the throne of Mewar.
2. Banbir hatched a plot to kill Udai Singh in order to obtain the throne of Mewar for himself.
3. The underlined expression "offered the highest sacrifice" means that Panna was willing to make the ultimate sacrifice, even at the cost of her own son's life, to protect Udai Singh.
4. (i) Antonym of "Criticized" in the passage could be "Praised" or " admired."
(ii) Antonym of "Destroyed" in the passage could be "Preserved" or "Saved."
Exercise 11. Solved
1. The most lasting products of human effort are books.
2. Things that can't be destroyed by time include books, which survive while other things like temples, pictures, and statues crumble and decay.
3. The word in the passage for "a place of worship" is "Temples."
4. (i) The antonym of "fleeting" in the passage could be "lasting."
(ii) The antonym of "unclearly" in the passage could be "vividly."
Exercise 12. Solved
1. The advantages of early rising mentioned in the passage are:
- A good start to the day's work, as the early riser can accomplish tasks before others wake up.
- A fresh mind in the morning, resulting in well-done work.
- Opportunities for exercise in the fresh morning air, providing energy.
- The ability to avoid rushing through tasks due to having ample time.
- Improved sleep quality and overall health, leading to happiness.
2. The morning is the most suitable time for taking exercise because, in the early morning:
- The air is fresh, which is invigorating.
- There are fewer sounds and distractions, allowing for focused exercise.
- It provides a burst of energy that can last throughout the day.
- It contributes to better overall health and well-being.
3. The underlined expression "a fund of energy" means that taking exercise in the morning provides a reserve or surplus of energy that can be drawn upon throughout the day.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Repeled" could be "Attracted" or "Drawn."
- (ii) Antonym of "Late" in the passage could be "Early."
Exercise 13. Solved
1. The author states that among the many misfortunes that can befall a person, the loss of health is one of the severest. The suffering of the sick cannot be outweighed by all the joys that life can offer.
2. The first goal of every man, according to the author, must be "good health."
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Severest" means most extreme or intense.
- "Groan" means to make a deep sound of pain or suffering.
- "Pleasant" means enjoyable or agreeable.
4. The word from the passage that means "Being in a pitiable state of distress or unhappiness" is "miserable."
Exercise 14. Solved
1. Traditionally, in India, it has been the custom to look after the aged with care and respect. Parents in old age typically lived with their children and grandchildren in a joint family system.
2. The rising cost of living affects the life of the aged by making it more challenging. It mentions that doctors and special foods for the elderly are expensive, which can strain their finances and access to necessary healthcare and nutrition.
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Confined" means restricted or limited to a specific place or situation.
- "Embarrassing" means causing discomfort or awkwardness.
- "Frightening" means causing fear or anxiety.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Opened" could be "Closed" or "join."
- (ii) Antonym of "Comforting" in the passage could be "j" or "Troubling."
Exercise 15. Solved
1. Pratap took a vow that he would lead a hard life until Chittor was recovered.
2. Pratap ordered that he would not use gold and silver dishes for meals, opting for tree leaves instead. He would sleep on a straw bed and would not shave his beard. He also ordered that no one should plough the fields, and no crops should be grown in the country.
3. (i) "Deteriorated" means to become worse or decline in quality or condition.
(ii) "Cowardice" means lack of bravery or fearfulness.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Deteriorated" could be "Improved" or "Immortal."
- (ii) Antonym of "Cowardice" in the passage could be "Bravery" or " Valour."
Exercise 16. Solved
1. The shopkeeper was surprised because the man purchased all the birds from his shop and set them free, which was an unexpected and charitable act.
2. The man said to the shopkeeper, "If you had been in prison like me for no fault, you would have done the same," implying that he set the birds free as an act of compassion and empathy for those who were unjustly confined, just as he had been.
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Surprised" means feeling unexpectedly astonished or amazed.
- "Shopkeeper" refers to a person who owns or manages a shop.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Perfect" in the passage could be " Fault" or "Imperfect."
- (ii) Antonym of "Sold" in the passage could be "Bought" or "Purchased."
Exercise 17. Solved
1. Akbar initiated a religion called 'Deen-E-Elahi.'
2. Akbar treated people of other religions equally. He did not differentiate between Hindus and Muslims and considered them both dear to him.
3. One word from the passage for "Not connected with any religious matters" is "secular."
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Disregarded" in the passage could be "Praise" or "Respected"or "Treate."
- (ii) Antonym of "Finished" in the passage could be "Initiate" or "Incomplete."
Exercise 18. Solved
1. Prince Gautam got married at the early age of twenty.
2. One night, secretly, he left the palace, leaving behind his wealth, riches, wife, baby, and royal home.
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Contemplative" means deeply thoughtful or reflective.
- "Vanities" refer to the superficial or empty pleasures and pursuits.
- "Release" means freedom or liberation.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Negligent" in the passage could be "Thinking" or " Attentive."
- (ii) Antonym of "Imprison" in the passage could be "Release" or "Left."
Exercise 19. Solved
1. Many people often complain of breaking down due to overwork.
2. The cause of the loss of health in some people after work is often foolishly wasted energy and working with friction, anxiety, and worry.
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Friction" refers to conflict or resistance in the process of work.
- "Beneficial" means advantageous or health-promoting.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Wisely" in the passage could be "Foolishly" or "Unwisely."
- (ii) Antonym of "Disadvantageous" in the passage could be "Advantageous" or "Beneficial.
Exercise 20. Solved
1. The performance of a good deed leads to happiness both for the person doing the deed and for those for whom it is done.
2. The memory of a good deed inspires others to do likewise with their fellow men.
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Doer" refers to the person who performs an action or deed.
- "Likewise" means in a similar manner or way.
4. One word from the passage for "A piece of land on which a war is fought" could be "battlefield."
Exercise 21. Solved
1. On the eighty-fifth day, the fisherman found a big and powerful fish that pulled his boat after it.
2. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Except" means apart from or excluding.
- "Gently" means in a gentle or mild manner.
- "Adjoining" refers to being next to or adjacent to something.
3. One word from the passage for "A part of land adjoining or near the sea" is "coast."
Exercise 22. Solved
1. Mother Teresa started a home for orphans named "Nirmal Hridaya" where she looked after the sick, poor, and downtrodden. She also set up homes for lepers who were shunned by their own families.
2. Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and she was also given the 'Bharat Ratna.'
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Downtrodden" refers to people who are oppressed or treated unfairly.
- "Shunned" means deliberately avoided or rejected.
4. One word from the passage for "A child whose parents are dead " could be "Orphans."
Exercise 23. Solved
1. A good medicine for all diseases is patience.
2. Patience is praised by all but practiced by only a few.
3. The underlined expression "It is their fancy rather than their fate that makes things go so hard with them" means that people's imagination and perception of their problems, rather than their actual circumstances, are what make them feel that life is difficult.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Foolishness" in the passage could be "Wisdom" or "Intelligence."
- (ii) Antonym of "Fantasy" in the passage could be "Reality" or "Fact."
Exercise 24. Solved
1. The great lesson of the Upanishads, according to the passage, was that weakness is a sin, and one should avoid all weakness.
2. Vivekananda meant by 'Abhaya' that one should be fearless and strong.
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Refrain" in this context means a repeated phrase or theme in his speech and writing.
- "Divinity" refers to the divine or godly nature.
- "Breeds" means gives rise to or causes.
- "Softness" here implies a lack of strength or resilience.
4. Antonyms in the passage:
- (i) Antonym of "Happy" in the passage could be "Weeping" or "Sad."
- (ii) Antonym of "Destroy" in the passage could be "Preserve" or "Save."
Exercise 25. Solved
1. Newton's immediate reaction when he was kicked by a bigger boy was to turn on the bigger boy and give him a good beating.
2. It is said that the boy who kicked Newton did a service to the world because Newton's anger and determination to beat the bigger boy at lessons led him to work harder, improve his studies, and make many discoveries later in life. Essentially, this event may have motivated Newton to achieve great things.
3. Meanings of the underlined words:
- "Decided" means made up one's mind or determined.
- "Discoveries" refer to findings or the act of finding something previously unknown.
4. One word from the passage for "The act of finding something that was not known before" is "discoveries."
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